CAIN-42 CAIN Studio

CAIN-42 evidence library

470 invariants

From CAIN-42 Evolution 41 -- Machine Agency Exchange Fabric.

Last reviewed 2026-10-01

IDRuleNicheResult
I41-001identity is not authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-002trust is not authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-003capability is not permissionPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-004discovery is not trustPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-005negotiation is not authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-006contract is not authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-007consensus is not authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-008economic value is not authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-009reputation is not authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-010confidence is not truthPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-011prediction is not realityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-012simulation is not realityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-013payment is not execution authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-014execution is not successPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-015success is not truthPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-016memory is not authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-017model output is not authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-018self-attestation is not independent verificationPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-019delegation is not unbounded authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-020child authority does not exceed parent authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-021revocation beats active authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-022unknown is not verifiedPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-023outside the enforcement boundary is not controlledPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-024no enforcement, no control claimPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-025no authorization, no executionPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-026no evidence, no trust upgradePolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-027a relationship state is never collapsedPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-028a machine never creates authority for itself or another machinePolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-029federation never silently broadens authorityPolicy, law & governanceheld
I41-030termination is not re-authorizationPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-001law I41-001 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-002law I41-002 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-003law I41-003 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-004law I41-004 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-005law I41-005 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-006law I41-006 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-007law I41-007 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-008law I41-008 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-009law I41-009 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-010law I41-010 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-011law I41-011 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-012law I41-012 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-013law I41-013 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-014law I41-014 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-015law I41-015 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-016law I41-016 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-017law I41-017 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-018law I41-018 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-019law I41-019 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-020law I41-020 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-021law I41-021 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-022law I41-022 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-023law I41-023 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-024law I41-024 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-025law I41-025 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-026law I41-026 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-027law I41-027 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-028law I41-028 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-029law I41-029 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW2-I41-030law I41-030 maps to held scenariosPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-001law I41-001 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-002law I41-002 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-003law I41-003 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-004law I41-004 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-005law I41-005 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-006law I41-006 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-007law I41-007 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-008law I41-008 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-009law I41-009 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-010law I41-010 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-011law I41-011 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-012law I41-012 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-013law I41-013 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-014law I41-014 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-015law I41-015 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-016law I41-016 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-017law I41-017 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-018law I41-018 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-019law I41-019 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-020law I41-020 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-021law I41-021 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-022law I41-022 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-023law I41-023 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-024law I41-024 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-025law I41-025 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-026law I41-026 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-027law I41-027 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-028law I41-028 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-029law I41-029 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LAW3-I41-030law I41-030 is enforced by the exchangePolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-DOMAIN-RELATIONSHIPsigned domain RELATIONSHIP existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-DISCOVERYsigned domain DISCOVERY existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-ATTESTsigned domain ATTEST existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-TRUST-NEGOTIATIONsigned domain TRUST-NEGOTIATION existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-HANDSHAKE-V3signed domain HANDSHAKE-V3 existsIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-DOMAIN-CONTRACTsigned domain CONTRACT existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-WORK-INTENTsigned domain WORK-INTENT existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-WORK-OFFERsigned domain WORK-OFFER existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-WORK-LEASEsigned domain WORK-LEASE existsIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-DOMAIN-WORK-RECEIPTsigned domain WORK-RECEIPT existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-RECEIPTsigned domain RECEIPT existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-SETTLEMENTsigned domain SETTLEMENT existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-DISPUTEsigned domain DISPUTE existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-REPUTATIONsigned domain REPUTATION existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-FEDERATIONsigned domain FEDERATION existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-POLICY-TRANSLATIONsigned domain POLICY-TRANSLATION existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-AUTHORITY-TRANSLATIONsigned domain AUTHORITY-TRANSLATION existsIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-DOMAIN-REVOCATIONsigned domain REVOCATION existsIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-DOMAIN-SYSTEMIC-RISKsigned domain SYSTEMIC-RISK existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-CONTAGIONsigned domain CONTAGION existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-CIRCUIT-BREAKERsigned domain CIRCUIT-BREAKER existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-TIME-MACHINEsigned domain TIME-MACHINE existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-REPLAYsigned domain REPLAY existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-CONFORMANCEsigned domain CONFORMANCE existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-THREATsigned domain THREAT existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-DOMAIN-SUPPLY-CHAINsigned domain SUPPLY-CHAIN existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-ECONOMYsigned domain ECONOMY existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-DOMAIN-MASTERsigned domain MASTER existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RELSTATE-DISCOVEREDrelationship state DISCOVERED exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-IDENTIFIEDrelationship state IDENTIFIED exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-ATTESTEDrelationship state ATTESTED exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-TRUSTEDrelationship state TRUSTED exists and is never collapsedTrust & reputationheld
E41-RELSTATE-NEGOTIATINGrelationship state NEGOTIATING exists and is never collapsedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-RELSTATE-CONTRACTEDrelationship state CONTRACTED exists and is never collapsedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-RELSTATE-AUTHORIZEDrelationship state AUTHORIZED exists and is never collapsedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-RELSTATE-EXECUTINGrelationship state EXECUTING exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-VERIFIEDrelationship state VERIFIED exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-SETTLEDrelationship state SETTLED exists and is never collapsedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-RELSTATE-REVOKEDrelationship state REVOKED exists and is never collapsedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-RELSTATE-QUARANTINEDrelationship state QUARANTINED exists and is never collapsedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-RELSTATE-UNKNOWNrelationship state UNKNOWN exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-RELSTATE-UNCONTROLLEDrelationship state UNCONTROLLED exists and is never collapsedCore guaranteesheld
E41-DISCOVERY-identitydiscovery metadata requires identityTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-ownerdiscovery metadata requires ownerTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-trust_domaindiscovery metadata requires trust_domainTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-capabilitiesdiscovery metadata requires capabilitiesTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-interfacesdiscovery metadata requires interfacesTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-protocolsdiscovery metadata requires protocolsTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-authority_modeldiscovery metadata requires authority_modelTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-governance_requirementsdiscovery metadata requires governance_requirementsTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-execution_boundariesdiscovery metadata requires execution_boundariesTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-evidencediscovery metadata requires evidenceTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-attestationdiscovery metadata requires attestationTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-versiondiscovery metadata requires versionTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-dependenciesdiscovery metadata requires dependenciesTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-limitationsdiscovery metadata requires limitationsTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-conformance_statusdiscovery metadata requires conformance_statusTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-revocation_statediscovery metadata requires revocation_stateTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-policy_languagesdiscovery metadata requires policy_languagesTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-DISCOVERY-authorization_mechanismsdiscovery metadata requires authorization_mechanismsTools, MCP, protocols & adaptersheld
E41-NEG-identitynegotiation requires identityTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-attestationnegotiation requires attestationTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-evidencenegotiation requires evidenceTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-capabilitynegotiation requires capabilityTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-authoritynegotiation requires authorityTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-datanegotiation requires dataTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-executionnegotiation requires executionTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-geographicnegotiation requires geographicTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-temporalnegotiation requires temporalTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-economicnegotiation requires economicTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-human_approvalnegotiation requires human_approvalTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-incidentnegotiation requires incidentTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-loggingnegotiation requires loggingTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-revocationnegotiation requires revocationTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG-recoverynegotiation requires recoveryTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-IDENTITYhandshake step IDENTITY is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-CAPABILITYhandshake step CAPABILITY is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-AUTHORITYhandshake step AUTHORITY is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-POLICYhandshake step POLICY is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-EVIDENCEhandshake step EVIDENCE is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-ENFORCEMENThandshake step ENFORCEMENT is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-PROOFhandshake step PROOF is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-REVOCATIONhandshake step REVOCATION is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HANDSHAKE-RECOVERYhandshake step RECOVERY is requiredIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-RECEIPT-principala receipt requires principalEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-machine_identitya receipt requires machine_identityEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-counterpartya receipt requires counterpartyEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-delegation_chaina receipt requires delegation_chainEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-capabilitya receipt requires capabilityEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-contracta receipt requires contractEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-policya receipt requires policyEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-authoritya receipt requires authorityEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-riska receipt requires riskEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-execution_environmenta receipt requires execution_environmentEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-execution_epocha receipt requires execution_epochEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-actiona receipt requires actionEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-decisiona receipt requires decisionEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-authorizationa receipt requires authorizationEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-execution_resulta receipt requires execution_resultEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-evidencea receipt requires evidenceEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-revocation_statea receipt requires revocation_stateEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-RECEIPT-verification_statea receipt requires verification_stateEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-BOUNDARY-containmentsystemic risk reports the containment boundaryAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-BOUNDARY-dependencysystemic risk reports the dependency boundarySupply chain, registry & lifecycleheld
E41-BOUNDARY-authoritysystemic risk reports the authority boundaryIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-BOUNDARY-economicsystemic risk reports the economic boundaryTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-BOUNDARY-executionsystemic risk reports the execution boundaryCore guaranteesheld
E41-BOUNDARY-recoverysystemic risk reports the recovery boundaryAutonomy, control loops & recoveryheld
E41-SYBIL-SUSPECTEDsybil strength SUSPECTED existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYBIL-SUPPORTEDsybil strength SUPPORTED existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYBIL-VERIFIEDsybil strength VERIFIED existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYBIL-UNKNOWNsybil strength UNKNOWN existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-sybilexchange attack sybil is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-identity_cloningexchange attack identity_cloning is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-delegation_amplificationexchange attack delegation_amplification is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-reputation_launderingexchange attack reputation_laundering is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-collusionexchange attack collusion is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-fake_evidenceexchange attack fake_evidence is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-fake_completionexchange attack fake_completion is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-contract_manipulationexchange attack contract_manipulation is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-negotiation_poisoningexchange attack negotiation_poisoning is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-capability_substitutionexchange attack capability_substitution is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-counterparty_substitutionexchange attack counterparty_substitution is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-payment_replayexchange attack payment_replay is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-settlement_replayexchange attack settlement_replay is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-budget_exhaustionexchange attack budget_exhaustion is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-recursive_procurementexchange attack recursive_procurement is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-governance_bypassexchange attack governance_bypass is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-revocation_raceexchange attack revocation_race is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-partitionexchange attack partition is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-clock_manipulationexchange attack clock_manipulation is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-rollbackexchange attack rollback is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-model_substitutionexchange attack model_substitution is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT-runtime_substitutionexchange attack runtime_substitution is containedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-F2T-INCIDENTfailure-to-test stage INCIDENT existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-F2T-ROOT_CAUSEfailure-to-test stage ROOT_CAUSE existsCore guaranteesheld
E41-F2T-GOVERNANCE_GAPfailure-to-test stage GOVERNANCE_GAP existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-F2T-TESTfailure-to-test stage TEST existsCore guaranteesheld
E41-F2T-INVARIANTfailure-to-test stage INVARIANT existsCore guaranteesheld
E41-F2T-ATTACK_SCENARIOfailure-to-test stage ATTACK_SCENARIO existsAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-F2T-REGRESSIONfailure-to-test stage REGRESSION existsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-F2T-EVIDENCEfailure-to-test stage EVIDENCE existsEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-DISCOVERlifecycle step DISCOVER existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-IDENTIFYlifecycle step IDENTIFY existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-ATTESTlifecycle step ATTEST existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-ASSESSlifecycle step ASSESS existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-NEGOTIATElifecycle step NEGOTIATE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-CONTRACTlifecycle step CONTRACT existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-DELEGATElifecycle step DELEGATE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-AUTHORIZElifecycle step AUTHORIZE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-EXECUTElifecycle step EXECUTE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-OBSERVElifecycle step OBSERVE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-VERIFYlifecycle step VERIFY existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-SETTLElifecycle step SETTLE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-RECORDlifecycle step RECORD existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-LEARNlifecycle step LEARN existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-REASSESSlifecycle step REASSESS existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-LIFECYCLE-REVOKE_RENEW_ESCALATElifecycle step REVOKE_RENEW_ESCALATE existsPolicy, law & governanceheld
E41-CAT-lawevery law scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-relationshipevery relationship scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-discoveryevery discovery scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-attestevery attest scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-negotiationevery negotiation scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-handshakeevery handshake scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-contractevery contract scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-workevery work scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-receiptevery receipt scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-settlementevery settlement scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-disputeevery dispute scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-reputationevery reputation scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-federationevery federation scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-translationevery translation scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-revocationevery revocation scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-systemicevery systemic scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-breakerevery breaker scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-sybilevery sybil scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-time_machineevery time_machine scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-threatevery threat scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-learningevery learning scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-f2tevery f2t scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-conformanceevery conformance scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-rejectevery reject scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT-scaleevery scale scenario holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-attest-attestationfamily attest/attestation holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-breaker-circuit_breakerfamily breaker/circuit_breaker holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-breaker-reset_needs_authfamily breaker/reset_needs_auth holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-conformance-domainsfamily conformance/domains holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-conformance-lifecyclefamily conformance/lifecycle holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-contract-machine_contractfamily contract/machine_contract holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-discovery-fieldfamily discovery/field holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-discovery-publishfamily discovery/publish holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-dispute-dispute_needs_decisionfamily dispute/dispute_needs_decision holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-f2t-f2t_stagefamily f2t/f2t_stage holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-federation-untrustedfamily federation/untrusted holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-handshake-establishedfamily handshake/established holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-handshake-unknown_stepfamily handshake/unknown_step holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-law-bulk_lawfamily law/bulk_law holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-law-no_authorityfamily law/no_authority holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-learning-learning_no_authorityfamily learning/learning_no_authority holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-negotiation-agreedfamily negotiation/agreed holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-negotiation-intersectionfamily negotiation/intersection holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-negotiation-requirementfamily negotiation/requirement holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-receipt-receipt_authorizationfamily receipt/receipt_authorization holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-receipt-receipt_fieldfamily receipt/receipt_field holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-receipt-receipt_verifyfamily receipt/receipt_verify holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-reject-no_authorityfamily reject/no_authority holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-relationship-bad_statefamily relationship/bad_state holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-relationship-bulk_relationshipfamily relationship/bulk_relationship holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-relationship-no_skipfamily relationship/no_skip holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-relationship-statefamily relationship/state holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-relationship-terminal_finalfamily relationship/terminal_final holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-reputation-reputation_no_authorityfamily reputation/reputation_no_authority holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-revocation-revocation_propagatesfamily revocation/revocation_propagates holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-scale-relationship_scalefamily scale/relationship_scale holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-settlement-settlement_syntheticfamily settlement/settlement_synthetic holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-sybil-sybil_strengthfamily sybil/sybil_strength holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-systemic-contagionfamily systemic/contagion holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-threat-exchange_attackfamily threat/exchange_attack holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-time_machine-known_at_tfamily time_machine/known_at_t holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-translation-declares_dropsfamily translation/declares_drops holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-work-lease_boundedfamily work/lease_bounded holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-work-lease_budgetfamily work/lease_budget holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-work-receiptfamily work/receipt holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-work-receipt_e8family work/receipt_e8 holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM-work-receipt_evidencefamily work/receipt_evidence holdsBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-attest-attestationfamily attest/attestation is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-breaker-circuit_breakerfamily breaker/circuit_breaker is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-breaker-reset_needs_authfamily breaker/reset_needs_auth is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-conformance-domainsfamily conformance/domains is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-conformance-lifecyclefamily conformance/lifecycle is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-contract-machine_contractfamily contract/machine_contract is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-discovery-fieldfamily discovery/field is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-discovery-publishfamily discovery/publish is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-dispute-dispute_needs_decisionfamily dispute/dispute_needs_decision is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-f2t-f2t_stagefamily f2t/f2t_stage is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-federation-untrustedfamily federation/untrusted is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-handshake-establishedfamily handshake/established is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-handshake-unknown_stepfamily handshake/unknown_step is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-law-bulk_lawfamily law/bulk_law is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-law-no_authorityfamily law/no_authority is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-learning-learning_no_authorityfamily learning/learning_no_authority is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-negotiation-agreedfamily negotiation/agreed is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-negotiation-intersectionfamily negotiation/intersection is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-negotiation-requirementfamily negotiation/requirement is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-receipt-receipt_authorizationfamily receipt/receipt_authorization is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-receipt-receipt_fieldfamily receipt/receipt_field is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-receipt-receipt_verifyfamily receipt/receipt_verify is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-reject-no_authorityfamily reject/no_authority is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-relationship-bad_statefamily relationship/bad_state is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-relationship-bulk_relationshipfamily relationship/bulk_relationship is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-relationship-no_skipfamily relationship/no_skip is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-relationship-statefamily relationship/state is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-relationship-terminal_finalfamily relationship/terminal_final is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-reputation-reputation_no_authorityfamily reputation/reputation_no_authority is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-revocation-revocation_propagatesfamily revocation/revocation_propagates is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-scale-relationship_scalefamily scale/relationship_scale is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-settlement-settlement_syntheticfamily settlement/settlement_synthetic is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-sybil-sybil_strengthfamily sybil/sybil_strength is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-systemic-contagionfamily systemic/contagion is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-threat-exchange_attackfamily threat/exchange_attack is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-time_machine-known_at_tfamily time_machine/known_at_t is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-translation-declares_dropsfamily translation/declares_drops is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-work-lease_boundedfamily work/lease_bounded is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-work-lease_budgetfamily work/lease_budget is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-work-receiptfamily work/receipt is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-work-receipt_e8family work/receipt_e8 is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-FAM2-work-receipt_evidencefamily work/receipt_evidence is a held, non-empty checkBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-lawcategory law has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-relationshipcategory relationship has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-discoverycategory discovery has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-attestcategory attest has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-negotiationcategory negotiation has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-handshakecategory handshake has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-contractcategory contract has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-workcategory work has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-receiptcategory receipt has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-settlementcategory settlement has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-disputecategory dispute has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-reputationcategory reputation has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-federationcategory federation has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-translationcategory translation has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-revocationcategory revocation has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-systemiccategory systemic has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-breakercategory breaker has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-sybilcategory sybil has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-time_machinecategory time_machine has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-threatcategory threat has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-learningcategory learning has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-f2tcategory f2t has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-conformancecategory conformance has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-rejectcategory reject has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-CAT2-scalecategory scale has held scenariosBenchmarks, coverage & performanceheld
E41-REL2-DISCOVEREDrelationship state DISCOVERED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-IDENTIFIEDrelationship state IDENTIFIED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-ATTESTEDrelationship state ATTESTED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-TRUSTEDrelationship state TRUSTED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedTrust & reputationheld
E41-REL2-NEGOTIATINGrelationship state NEGOTIATING is reachable/held or explicitly refusedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-REL2-CONTRACTEDrelationship state CONTRACTED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-REL2-AUTHORIZEDrelationship state AUTHORIZED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-REL2-EXECUTINGrelationship state EXECUTING is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-VERIFIEDrelationship state VERIFIED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-SETTLEDrelationship state SETTLED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-REL2-REVOKEDrelationship state REVOKED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-REL2-QUARANTINEDrelationship state QUARANTINED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-REL2-UNKNOWNrelationship state UNKNOWN is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-REL2-UNCONTROLLEDrelationship state UNCONTROLLED is reachable/held or explicitly refusedCore guaranteesheld
E41-HS2-IDENTITYhandshake step IDENTITY cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-CAPABILITYhandshake step CAPABILITY cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-AUTHORITYhandshake step AUTHORITY cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-POLICYhandshake step POLICY cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-EVIDENCEhandshake step EVIDENCE cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-ENFORCEMENThandshake step ENFORCEMENT cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-PROOFhandshake step PROOF cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-REVOCATIONhandshake step REVOCATION cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-HS2-RECOVERYhandshake step RECOVERY cannot be omittedIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-NEG2-identitynegotiation requirement identity cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-attestationnegotiation requirement attestation cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-evidencenegotiation requirement evidence cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-capabilitynegotiation requirement capability cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-authoritynegotiation requirement authority cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-datanegotiation requirement data cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-executionnegotiation requirement execution cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-geographicnegotiation requirement geographic cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-temporalnegotiation requirement temporal cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-economicnegotiation requirement economic cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-human_approvalnegotiation requirement human_approval cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-incidentnegotiation requirement incident cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-loggingnegotiation requirement logging cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-revocationnegotiation requirement revocation cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-NEG2-recoverynegotiation requirement recovery cannot be omittedTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-THREAT2-sybilattack sybil is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-identity_cloningattack identity_cloning is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-delegation_amplificationattack delegation_amplification is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-reputation_launderingattack reputation_laundering is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-collusionattack collusion is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-fake_evidenceattack fake_evidence is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-fake_completionattack fake_completion is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-contract_manipulationattack contract_manipulation is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-negotiation_poisoningattack negotiation_poisoning is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-capability_substitutionattack capability_substitution is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-counterparty_substitutionattack counterparty_substitution is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-payment_replayattack payment_replay is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-settlement_replayattack settlement_replay is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-budget_exhaustionattack budget_exhaustion is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-recursive_procurementattack recursive_procurement is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-governance_bypassattack governance_bypass is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-revocation_raceattack revocation_race is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-partitionattack partition is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-clock_manipulationattack clock_manipulation is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-rollbackattack rollback is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-model_substitutionattack model_substitution is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-THREAT2-runtime_substitutionattack runtime_substitution is contained with an invariantAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-REC2-principalreceipt field principal is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-machine_identityreceipt field machine_identity is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-counterpartyreceipt field counterparty is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-delegation_chainreceipt field delegation_chain is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-capabilityreceipt field capability is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-contractreceipt field contract is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-policyreceipt field policy is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-authorityreceipt field authority is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-riskreceipt field risk is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-execution_environmentreceipt field execution_environment is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-execution_epochreceipt field execution_epoch is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-actionreceipt field action is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-decisionreceipt field decision is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-authorizationreceipt field authorization is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-execution_resultreceipt field execution_result is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-evidencereceipt field evidence is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-revocation_statereceipt field revocation_state is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-REC2-verification_statereceipt field verification_state is requiredEvidence, receipts & proofsheld
E41-SYB2-SUSPECTEDsybil strength SUSPECTED never treats correlation as proofAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYB2-SUPPORTEDsybil strength SUPPORTED never treats correlation as proofAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYB2-VERIFIEDsybil strength VERIFIED never treats correlation as proofAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-SYB2-UNKNOWNsybil strength UNKNOWN never treats correlation as proofAttacks, threats & containmentheld
E41-DOM41-contractexchange area contract is covered by held scenariosTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-DOM41-settlementexchange area settlement is covered by held scenariosTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-DOM41-disputeexchange area dispute is covered by held scenariosTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-DOM41-reputationexchange area reputation is covered by held scenariosTransactions, markets & economicsheld
E41-DOM41-revocationexchange area revocation is covered by held scenariosIdentity, authority & delegationheld
E41-DOM41-scaleexchange area scale is covered by held scenariosTransactions, markets & economicsheld

Try CAIN-42 on your own agents

Create a free account and every new account starts with a 7-day trial of the full platform. Or try the sandbox first, with no account at all.

Create a free account →  ·  Try the sandbox  ·  See the whole ecosystem