CAIN-42 invariant · E20

I41: collusion detection is not certainty

Held · CAIN-42 Evolution 20 -- Governed Agentic Civilization Fabric

Last reviewed 2026-10-01

held   niche Core guarantees

What this rule means

CAIN-42 must always satisfy: collusion detection is not certainty. It is one of 118 invariants checked for CAIN-42 Evolution 20 -- Governed Agentic Civilization Fabric. An invariant is a rule the system may never break, whatever an agent or attacker does; the test suite tries to break it across many scenarios and records the result.

Recorded detail

[
 [
  {
   "certainty": false,
   "confidence": 0.85,
   "cross_institution": true,
   "digest": "127a661ce5d77fd72a31023fe0d0ce8854fbf215160d45e458935993f5d56395",
   "evidence": {
    "contract": "ctr_5f86c204c63e"
   },
   "kind": "CONTRACT_COLLUSION_SHARED_CONTROLLER",
   "parties": [
    "agent-b",
    "agent-q2"
   ],
   "state": "EVIDENCE_BACKED"
  }
 ],
 [
  {
   "certainty": false,
   "confidence": 0.6,
   "cross_institution": true,
   "digest": "10114750e94462857c747068d20c826dfd4b8c610240f5f11b743934fb32155d",
   "evidence": {
    "pair": [
     "agent-b",
     "agent-q"
    ]
   },
   "kind": "REPUTATION_COLLUSION",
   "parties": [
    "agent-b",
    "agent-q"
   ],
   "state": "PROBABILISTIC"
  }
 ],
 0
]

Check it yourself

Browse the raw bundle

Related rules

• I27: dissolved institutions cannot execute
• I36: institutional goals inherit constraints
• I38: child agents inherit bounded constraints
• I47: institutional state is auditable
• I51: UNKNOWN never silently becomes ALLOW
• I54: every consequential institutional action reaches E8
• I55: a token never skips an E20 verdict
• I56: verdicts re-run after token issuance (TOCTOU)

← I40 · all 118 · I42 →